stingy: implies a marked lack of generosity: a ~ child, not given to sharing.
close: sug. keeping a tight grip on one's money and possesions: Folks who are very ~ when charity calls.
niggardly: implies giving or spending the very smallest amount possible: gave his wife a ~ household allowance.
parsimonious: sug. a frugality so extreme as to lead to stinginess: a ~ attitude with no room for luxurIES.
penurious: implies a niggardliness that gives appearance of actual poverty: the ~ woman left behind a fortune.
miserly: implies a penuriousness motivated by obssesive avariousness and morbid pleasure for hoarding: a ~ man indifferent to the cries of the needy.
stingy小气: 不慷慨, close: 严控财物, niggardly吝啬: 花费最小，parsimonious: 极端节俭(褒)-->小气, penurious: 节省，给人感觉确实贫穷, miserly守财奴: 迷恋于贪婪和储藏钱财。
记忆方法: 1）首字母联想，SCNPPM，PrimeMinister SouthNorth PinCou，首相南北拼凑钱财-->吝啬
2）都不是褒义词，都让人觉得小气，miserly程度最重，其他接近。
3）吝啬的意思是不愿分享mean being unwilling or showing unwillingness to share with others.
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