caprice: stresses lack of apparent motivation and suggests willfulness: by sheer ~ she quit her job. 本例: 任性地离职，又如capricious winds/weather/boss方向不定的风/阴晴不定的天气/喜怒无常的老板 will意志决心；motive动机，是产生will的原因；willful坚持自己意志的，固执的
freak: implies an impulsive change of mind made apparently without cause: struck by a ~ notion. （freak有3个意思 1、奇怪的人怪胎怪物畸形反常a very strange person, or something physically abnormal，如who's that freak with the green hair那个绿头发的怪家伙是谁, she was treated like a freak because she didn't want children她因为不要孩子而被当作怪人，又如a circus freak马戏团小丑, a freak show畸形展览怪胎秀，a freak(或freaky或freakish，3个词都可做定语) accident/day/kid奇怪的事故/一天/小孩，如本例怪念头 2、狂热爱好者a person who is very interested or active in something，如a fitness/health/movie/computer freak健身/保健/电影/电脑狂人(迷) 3、使惊吓不安to frighten, surprise, upset，如she really freaked out when you said that你说那话把她吓坏了，snakes really freak me out我看见蛇吓坏了，如my parents really freaked when they saw my hair父母看见我的头发时大惊失色，如I remember the first time I went onstage. I freaked out completely我还记得自己第一次登台。我完全吓坏了）
whim: implies a fantastic, humorous turn of mind or inclination: an odd antique that was bought on a ~. fantastic奇幻到难以置信 humorous幽默引人发笑 本例突发奇想买下古董，又如he quit his job on a whim[=because of a sudden decision]离职，a whimsical behavior/decoration/humor突发奇想(不严肃)的行为/装饰/幽默，如her outfit had a touch of whimsy她的装束有点搞怪[=having a playful, amusing quality像在开玩笑逗人乐]
vagary: stresses the erratic, irresponsible, or extravagant character of the notion or desire: recently he had been prone to strange ~ies of taste. extravagant脱离(vag词根:wander)常规的implies a wild and foolish warndering from normal and accustomed limits，如made extravagant claim/promise/praise for the product反常地宣称/承诺/赞扬该产品; 同源词vagabond, vagrant流浪汉a person who does not have a home and travels from place to place 本例口味反常，又如the vagaries of the weather变幻莫测的天气
crotchet: implies perversely eccentric opinion or preference especially on trivial matters: a serious scientist equally known for his bizzare ~s. perverse不通情理任性 eccentric古怪异乎寻常
caprice任性: 强调无缘无故(缺乏motive动机)地改变，freak怪异: 指反常怪异，whim突发奇想心血来潮: 指突发的想法或兴致，vagary变幻莫测: 强调反常，crotchet小偏好偏见: 指小(琐)事
记忆方法： 1）首字母VW是大众volkswagon，FCC是联邦通信委员会<==都任性
2）练习一下
3）任性的意思是不理性不实际不可行的想法愿望mean an irrational, fanciful, or impractical idea or desire.首字母VW是大众volkswagon，FCC是联邦通信委员会<==都任性
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