scold: implies a rebuking in irritation or ill temper justly or unjustly: vent her frustrations by ~ing the children. rebuke严厉尖锐批评a sharp stern reproof，如rebuked dissenting church officials严厉批评教会官员
upbraid: implies a censuring on definite and usually justifiable grounds: the governor ~ed his aides for poor research.
berate: suggests a prolonged and often abusive scolding: ~d continually by a violent, abusive father.
rail: used with at or against, stresses an unrestrained berating: ~ed loudly at the whims of fate. whims of fate命运多舛chuǎn, 比喻命运充满不顺不幸
revile: implies a scurrilous, abusive attacking prompted by anger or hatred: a President vehemently ~d in the press.
vituperate: suggests a violent, abusive reviling: the preacher more given to ~ing than to inspiring.
scold责备斥责: 指发脾气不耐烦地批评，可能合理或不合理，upbraid责备斥责: 有明确合理的理由，berate痛斥: 表示长时间斥责，rail痛斥: 强调无节制地痛斥，revile辱骂: 肮脏辱骂，表现出愤怒仇恨，vituperate大肆辱骂: 狂暴猛烈地辱骂
记忆方法： 1）首字母重组成SUB+RVR，词根SUB表示以下，RVR是revere的自然缩写，十分好记<==责骂 前2个词，一个强调有合理理由，一个表示脾气不好不耐烦，刚好相反 后4个词都很严重，都用到了abusive辱骂来解释
2）责骂的意思是严厉谴责或辱骂mean to reproach angrily and abusively.
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