1/30)
1. often stresses the fruit of wisdom or deliberation and may presuppose a weightier occasion, or more authority, or more personal concern on the part of the one giving counsel: the benefit of a father's ~.
a) counsel
2. implies prosy, rambling, or tedious loquacity: forced to endure a ~ companion the whole trip.
b) advice
3. implies real or pretended knowledge or experience, often professional or technical, on the part of the one who advises: a book of ~ for would-be entrepreneurs.
c) garrulous
acb Right group advice mean a recommendation as to a decision or a course of conduct.
2/30)
1. means to overwhelm completely and to reduce to submission, inactivity, or passivity: statements intended to ~ the fears of the people.
a) crush
2. implies a force that destroys all opposition or brings an operation to a halt: a rebellion that was brutally ~ed.
b) quash
3. implies a conscious determination to subdue: the government ~ed all opposition newspapers.
c) suppress
4. suggests ending something as abruptly and completely as putting out a flame: hopes for a promising life ~ed by a single bullet.
d) apprehend
5. implies a sudden and summary extinction: the army ~ed the rebellion. （summary有两个意思，1. 梗概， 2. 立即，用于法律，如summary arrest立即逮捕，summary execution死刑立即执行，这里指立即消灭)
e) extinguish
6. implies foresight mingled with uncertainty, anxiety, or dread: ~ed that his odd behavior was a sign of a troubled soul.
f) quell
facebd Right group crush mean to bring to an end by destroying or defeating.
3/30)
1. implies a forced and unlawful entering of closed premises for the purpose of committing a felony, usually that of larceny or robbery: lived in constant fear of ~.
a) theft
2. chiefly in legal use, applies to simple direct theft in which the property of one person is taken into the possession of another: ~ is "grand" or "petty" according to the value of the goods taken.
b) fussy
3. adds a connotation of querulousness to finicky and particular: very ~ about the starch in his shirts. （querulous不停抱怨的=complain,如don't be querulous like a baby不要像小孩一样不停抱怨）
c) burglar
4. implies the taking and removing of another's property without the person's consent and usually by stealth: the ~ of an idea may hurt far more than the ~ of money.
d) robbery
5. in strict use implies violence or the threat of violence employed in the taking of another's property: the messenger was attacked and seriously injured in the course of a ~.
e) larceny
cebad Right group theft mean the act or crime of stealing.
4/30)
1. applies both to things prescribed by and to persons obedient to custom and may suggest stiff, restrained, or old-fashioned behavior: a ~ report on the summit meeting; a ~ manner.
a) ceremonial,ceremonious
2. implies accord with general custom and usage and may suggest a lack of originality or independence: ~ courtesy; ~ standards of beauty.
b) formal
3. a price beyond the thing's value OR the buyer's means: the resort's shop seems rather ~.
c) conventional
4. both imply strict attention to what is prescribed by custom or by ritual, but ceremonial applies to things that are associated with ceremonies: a ~ offering; ceremonious to persons given to ceremony or to acts attended by ceremony: a ~ old man.
d) expensive
bcda Right group ceremonial,ceremonious mean marked by attention to or adhering strictly to prescribed forms.
5/30)
1. imply extreme low-spiritedness and DISCOURAGEMENT resulting from failure to accomplish | achieve goals: ~, the doomed explorers resigned themselves to failure.
a) true
2. is likely to stress genuineness and especially correspondence between appearance and essense: a ~ diamond. （genuine有2个意思，都表示真：1不造假的，2真诚的，在2017-06-23 真正authentic-bona fide）
b) real
3. stresses the fact of existence or fidelity to the existent as opposed to the nonexistent, abstract, or hypothetical: the ~ tests of this missle have not yet been made.
c) actual
4. can stress conformity to the real especially as a model or standard: the ladybug is not a ~ bug but a beetle; or conformity to the pertinent facts that are known or knowable: the ~ verson of events.
d) dispirited
dbca Right group real meaning unknown
6/30)
1. suggests an elaborate often rhetorical or poetic compliment: coronations once inspired ~s.
a) panegyric
2. applies to the formal praise accompanying the mention of a person in a military dispatch or in awarding an honor: a ~ noting her lasting contribution to biology.
b) citation
3. imples warm enthusiasm in praise of a person or a thing: the subject of several spirited ~s at the banquet.
c) collate
4. applies to a prepared speech, especially a funeral oration or an essay extolling the virtues and services of a person: delivered the ~ at the funeral.
d) tribute
5. implies minute and critical comparison in order to note points of agreement or divergence: data from police districts across the country will be ~d.
e) encomium
6. implies deeply felt praise conveyed either through words or through a significant act: a book of ~s marking his fifty years of service.
f) eulogy
abefcd Right group encomium mean a formal expression of praise.
7/30)
1. is used less formally and emphatically for summon: the President ~ Congress for a special session.
a) convoke
2. implies a summoning to court usually to answer a charge: ~ to answer the charge of drunken driving.
b) cite
3. suggests a calling up of a number of things that form a group in order that they may be exhibited, displayed, or utilized as a whole for some purpose: ~ the troops for an inspection.
c) call
4. suggests giving orders directly and orally: ~ her fix a drink for him.
d) convene
5. is somewhat less formal or emphatic than convoke: ~ the students in the school auditorium.
e) bid
6. implies the exercise of authority, and may imply a mandate, imperative order OR urgency: ~ by the court to appear as a witness.
f) summon
7. implies a summoning to assemble, esp. for deliberative or legislative purposes: ~ an assembly of the world's leading scientists.
g) muster
Wrong cbgedfa Right group summon mean to demand the appearance of.
8/30)
1. suggests an acting or a potential for action or use in such a way as to avoid loss or waste of energy or resources in effecting, producing, or functioning: an ~ small car.
a) efficient
2. suggests possession of a special quality or virtue that gives effective power: a detergent that is ~ in removing grease.
b) effective
3. suggests the accomplishment of a desired result or the fulfillment of a purpose especially as viewed after the fact: the measures to halt crime proved ~.
c) awkward
4. stresses the actual production or the power to produce an effect: an ~ rebuttal.
d) effectual
5. is widely applicable and may suggest unhandiness, inconvenience, lack of control, embarrassment, or lack of tact: a dinner party marked by periods of ~ silence.
e) efficacious
aedbc Right group effective mean producing or capable to produce an effect.
9/30)
1. applies to a face as seen and as revealing a mood, character, or attitude: the benign ~ of my grandmother.
a) sanguinary
2. suggests attention to the contours and characteristic expression as indicative of race, temperament, disease, or qualities of mind or character: a youth with the ~ of a warrior.
b) physiognomy
3. applies especially to something attended by, or someone bent on, bloodshed: the Civil War was America's most ~ conflict.
c) visage
4. suggests attention to shape and proportions of the face and sometimes to the impressions it gives or the changes in moods it reflects: a penetrating gaze and an aquiline nose gave him a birdlike ~.
d) countenance
5. is the simple, direct, and also the inclusive term: a strikingly handsome ~.
e) face
dbace Right group face mean the front part of the head from forehead to chin.
10/30)
1. sug. habitual WAGGISHNESS and playfulness oft clumsy and inappropriate: the dim-witted took his ~ jokes seriously.
a) humorous
2. stress a desire to produce laughter, may be DEROGATORY by implying CLUMSY,dubious or ILL-TIMED attempts at humor and wit: ~ remark not appreciated at the funeral.
b) jovulgar
3. suggests the use of analysis or logical reasoning with a definite aim: a philosopher of ~ bent. 爱好
c) reflective
4. implies HABITUAL or temporamental fondness for jesting and joking: a ~ fellow whose humor often brightend spirits.
d) witty
5. suggests clever, quick mind and caustic tongue: the commentator is remembered for his ~ reviews.
e) facetious
6. broadly applies to anything that Evokes usually genial laughter, and may contrast with witty IN implying eccentricity and whimsicality: LACEd his lectures with ~ anecdotes.
f) jocose
fecbda Right group witty meaning unknown
11/30)
1. can imply mental derangement, but it MORE OFTEN suggests lack of control by or open conflict with reason: our world which often seems ~.
a) unreasonalbe
2. is likely to suggest guidance by some force other than reason such as ambition, greed, or stubbornness that makes or shows one decifient in good sense: made ~ demands on a friend.
b) chivalrous
3. suggests high-minded and self-sacrificing attentions: a ~ display of duty.
c) irrational
cab Right:) group irrational mean not governed or guided by reason or not having the power to reason.
12/30)
1. implies a turning away from what is distasteful or unwelcome: seems ~ to anything requiring work.
a) averse
2. implies a holding back through resistance or unwillingness: I'm ~ to blame anyone just now.
b) impassioned
3. implies a holding back through fear, uncertainty, or disinclination: ~ about asking her for a date.
c) reluctant
4. implies lack of harmony between what one anticipates doing and one's opinions, predilections, or liking: ~ to believe that he could do anything right.
d) hesitant
5. implies warmth and intensity without violence and suggests fluent verbal or artistic expression: an ~ plea for international understanding.
e) loath
6. implies lack of taste for or inclination toward something and may imply disapproval: ~d to go out in bad weather.
f) disinclined
acdebf Right:) group disinclined mean lacking the will or desire to do something indicated.
13/30)
1. implies peremptoriness arising more from the urgency of the situation than from an inherent will to dominate: an ~ appeal for assistance.
a) mangle
2. implies a tearing or crushing that leaves deep extensive wounds or lacerations: thousands are ~ every year by auto accidents. bruise瘀伤purple mark紫色的一块皮肤 laceration撕伤割伤
b) imperative
3. implies the cutting off or removal of an essential part of a person or thing thereby impairing its completeness, beauty, or function: a poignant drama ~ by inept acting.
c) batter
4. implies the loss or injury of a limb or member usually by violence: a swimmer ~ed by a shark.
d) cripple
5. implies the loss or severe impairment of an arm or a leg: the fall ~d her for life.
e) maim
6. implies a pounding with series of blows that bruises deeply, deforms, or mutilates: a ship ~ed by fierce storms at sea.
f) mutilate
bafedc Right:) group maim mean to injure so severely as to cause lasting damage.
14/30)
1. suggests abundant emission: it never rains but it ~s; and may sometimes imply a coming in a course or stream from or as if from a spout: workers ~ed from the subway exits.
a) gutter
2. stresses the intended effect of the action often IN distinction or contrast with the action or the means as such: will use any means to achieve his ~.
b) sluice
3. implies a sudden and copious outpouring of or as if of something released from confinement: blood ~ed from the wound. copious大量
c) pour
4. implies the operation of something like a sluice or flume for the control of the flow of water and regularly suggests a sudden abundant streaming: rainwater ~ing through the gutters.
d) end
5. suggests a flowing through a channel or from an opening or the abundance or continuousness of that flow: tears ~ed from her eyes.
e) stream
cdabe Right:) group pour mean to send forth or come forth copiously.
15/30)
1. implies a desire to retaliate or get even and therefore connotes states of malice, spite, or unwillingness to forgive: angry determination to ~ herself for the slight.
a) avenge
2. stresses a breaking down by chemical change and often implies a corruption: the body was badly ~d.
b) decompose
3. suggests that the ends of justice are served OR another is being vindicated OR a merited punishment is administered: ~d the insult to his honor.
c) revenge
cba Right:) group avenge mean to punish a person who has wronged oneself or another.
16/30)
1. implies clearness, be it manifested in freedom from dirt or soil: a room as ~ as a pin; or freedom from clutter, complication and confusion: ~ workmanship; or freedom from admixture: took whiskEy ~.
a) surprise
2. commonly implies a lying in wait along a public way, often in concealment: highwaymen who ~ied all travellers; but sometimes it merely implies an intercepting and detaining: a teacher ~ied by questioning students.
b) waylay
3. in technical military use may imply stragetic planning and secrecy in operations intended to catch an enemy unawares: ~d an enemy camp; but general use is more likely to suggest a chance catching unawares: police ~d a burglar leaving the house.
c) ambush
4. tends to evoke the image of would-be attackers concealed in a thicket and is often used with reference to guerrilla warfare: he had been ~ed by rebel forces; but is equally applicable to other situations where the primary image is pertinent: ~ed by joy.
d) neat
dbac Right:) group surprise mean to attack unawares.
17/30)
1. is essentially exchangeable with significance: a speech of enormous ~.
a) weight
2. implies a judgment by which a superior worth or influence is ascribed to something or someone: there are no cities OF ~ in this area.
b) import
3. implies conspicuous or self-evident consequence: a decision of very great ~.
c) respect
4. implies a judgment of the immediate relevant importance of something that must be taken into account or that may seriously affect an outcome: idle chitchat of no particular ~.
d) consequence
5. implies a quality or character that should mark a thing as importance or of consequence but that may OR may not be self-evident or recognized: time would reveal the ~ of that casual act
e) importance
6. implies a considered evaluation or estimation as the basis of recognition of worth: after many years they came to ~ her views.
f) significance
7. may imply importance in social rank but more generally implies importance because of probable or possible effects: whatever style you choose is of little ~.
g) moment
Wrong begafcd Right:) group importance mean a quality or aspect that is felt to be of great worth, value, or influence. (value实用价值,worth货币价值)
18/30)
1. sug. an indirectmention by a hint, roundabout expression or figure of speech: ~ to incidents previously unkonwn.
a) refer
2. usually implies a slight or glancing reference in a text or speech: a theory ~ to here but discussed later.
b) advert
3. can imply a welcoming recognition: ~ guests with open arms; but more often it implies that something comes or is allowed to come into one's possession or presence while one is passive: ~d the news without comment.
c) allude
4. implies intentional introduction, specific and definite mention, and sometimes judging: ~ to her claim as fantasy
d) receive
cbda Right:) group refer meaning unknown
19/30)
1. suggests a deep quietude or composure: the ~ beauty of a formal garden.
a) forerunner
2. is applicable to anything that serves as a sign, omen, or warning of something to come: the international incident was a ~ to war.
b) tranquil
3. both apply, chiefly figuratively, to one that proclaims or announces the coming or arrival of a notable event or person: robins, the ~s of spring(harbingers); the ~ of a new age in medical science.
c) harbinger, herald
4. applies to a person or thing that paves the way for the success or accomplishment of another: 18th century poets who were ~s of the Romantics.
d) precursor
bacd Right:) group forerunner mean one who goes before or announces the coming of another.
20/30)
1. implies patience under provocation and deliberate abstention from harsh judgment, punishment, or vengeance: the most ~of music teachers.
a) lenient
2. implies compliance, mercifulness, and a willingness to make concessions out of charity or clemency: an aunt ~ of her nieces' and nephews' shortcomings.
b) penitence
3. implies sad and humble realization of and regret for one's misdeeds: willing to forgive when faced with the outward signs of ~. (很容易错写成’pentinence’，联想penny发音: 因为1分钱忏悔)
c) forbearing
4. implies softness of temper and a relaxation of discipline or rigor: ~ parents pay for it later.
d) tolerant
5. implies a freedom from bias or dogmatism and a reluctance to judge or restrict others harshly who hold opinions or doctrines different from one's own: a very ~ attitude towards dissenters.
e) indulgent
cebad Right:) group forbearing mean not inclined by nature, disposition, or circumstances to be severe or rigorous.
21/30)
1. extreme, even undue lack of severity in punishing, and may suggest a weak softness: criticized the courts for excessive ~.
a) lenity
2. stress benevolence and good will as shown in generosity, broad understanding and tolerance OF others: showed a little ~ to the weak-willed.
b) grace
3. imply a benign attitude and willingness to GRANT FAVORS or make concession: the victor's ~ in treating the vanquished.
c) charity
4. imply mild and merciful disposition IN one with the duty or power of judging and punishing: a judge little inclined to show ~.
d) clemency
5. imply a compassion THAT FORBEARS PUNISHING even when justice demands it or that extends HELP to the lowliest and most undeserving: admitTED his guilt and begged for ~.
e) mercy
6. tends to stress the number of times a thing occurs without regard to the interval of recurrence: they ~ come to dinner.
f) often
acbdef Right:) group mercy meaning unknown
22/30)
1. a close synonym of these words, is likely to appear in elevated language: longed to ~ among trees and hills. (elevate提升,elevator: 直梯)
a) sojourn
2. is the equivalent of lodge, and usually suggests the status of a guest: decided to ~ at his sister's house for the weekend.
b) stay
3. implies a marked lack of generosity: a ~ child, not given to sharing.
c) lodge
4. distinctively implies a temporary habitation or abode, and more or less uncertain place or way of living: ~ for a while in the south of France.
d) live
5. expresses the idea that a person keeps or returns to a particular place as his or her fixed, settled, or legal abode: ~ happily in New Hampshire. (abode: 住所寓所.You are welcome to my humble abode竭诚欢迎光临寒舍. right of abode: 居住权)
e) put up
6. ALSO suggests a habitation for a time and may connote restricted accomodation such as in a hotel or rooming house: chose to ~ there for the night. (rooming house: 有家具的出租房屋，如Forrest Gump阿甘家)
f) stingy
7. is the term commonly used in place of sojourn or lodge: ~ at that hotel for the entire week.
g) reside
8. may stress the idea of actually spending one's time and carrying out the activities of one's family life: ~ for years in the house next door.
h) dwell
hefagcbd Right:) group reside mean to have as one's habitation or domicile.
23/30)
1. implies a passing from an inactive to an active state and stresses the influence of an external agent in arousing to activity: a switch in the office ~s all the outdoor lights.
a) activate
2. implies a tearing or crushing that leaves deep extensive wounds or lacerations: thousands are ~ every year by auto accidents. bruise瘀伤purple mark紫色的一块皮肤 laceration撕伤割伤
b) mangle
3. may stress the arousal of something more or less inert or lifeless, often by communicating an impetus or force: took steps to ~ the local economy; or an imparting of significance or interest to something: a set of images that ~ the story.
c) energize
4. implies an arousing to activity or a readying for activity by an imparting of strength or a providing with a source of energy: a speech that ~d the sales force for what lay ahead.
d) vitalize
abdc Right:) group vitalize mean to arouse to activity, animation, or life.
24/30)
1. is the least specific term and suggests something equivocal rather than definitely illicit about the relationship: had a series of ~s after his divorce.
a) affair
2. implies a thin scattering of units: a ~ population.
b) liaison
3. implies duration but not necessarily permanence of the attachment: known for her ~ with a powerful senator.
c) sparse
4. stresses passion as the motivating force and often connotes transcience: went from one ~ to another.
d) amour
5. emphasizes the clandestine nature of the relationship: frequently drawn to complicated ~s.
e) intrigue
acbde Right:) group amour mean an instance of illicit sexual relationship.
25/30)
1. is general and exchangeable with other terms, but may specifically imply a distinctive propelling motion with the arm: ~ the ball with great accuracy.
a) throw
2. usually implies lightness in the thing thrown, and sometimes a scattering: ~ bread crumbs to the birds.
b) cast
3. implies a powerful and forceful driving as in throwing a massive weight: ~ the intruder out the window. (hurl abuse(threat) at固定搭配辱骂(威胁)某人)
c) toss
4. suggests a throwing carefully at a target: ~ horseshoes; OR lightness and casualness: ~ trash in the basket.
d) fling
5. stresses lack of prudence in spending and usually implies imbalance between income and outgo: known in college as a real ~.
e) sling
6. suggests a light or careless or aimless throwing and may imply an upward motion: ~ her racket on the bed.
f) spendthrift
7. suggests propelling with a sweeping, swinging motion,usually with force and suddenness: ~ the bag over his shoulder. （sweep挥动: His arm swept around the room. 他伸出手臂绕着房间挥了一圈） (swing规则来回运动: 来回或前后运动regular movement to and fro, back and forth: 例如swing the rope back and forth前后摆绳)
g) pitch
8. stresses a vigorous throwing with slight aim or control: ~ the ring back in his face.
h) hurl
abhgfced Right:) group throw mean to cause to move swiftly throughspace by a propulsive movement or propelling force.
26/30)
1. indicates a calling attention to, either by name or by clear but incidental reference: failed to ~ the incident.
a) name
2. implies the clear mentioning of a name and therefore may suggest more explicitness: ~d three people as participants in the crime.
b) instance
3. suggests something affected or created by the free play of the imagination: the ~ characters created by Lewis Carroll.
c) fanciful
4. may indicate a clear specific reference or citation as a typical example or a special case: failed in her attempt to ~ a clear example.
d) mention
5. implies the making of a statement so precise, explicit, and detailed that misunderstanding is impossible: use only ingredients and amounts ~ied.
e) specify
dacbe Right:) group mention mean to make clear or specific by referring to something explicitly.
27/30)
1. implies tacit acceptance or forbearance of opposition: usually ~ to his wife'sWishes. (注1: desire表示强烈愿望，慎用,一般用wish 注2: tacit: 不愿说话不爱社交的性格).
a) assent
2. implies not only consent orassent, BUT ALSO hearty approval and willingnessto go on record: totally ~ to the free enterprisesystem.
b) subscribe
3. implies an act involving the understanding or judgmentand may apply to propositions or opinions: potential members must ~ toorganization's credo. （注意judge的名词要去e）
c) consent
4. sometimes implies previous difference ofopinion and attempts at persuasion, negotiation or discussion:finally ~ to give him a raise.
d) agree
5. involves the will or feeling and indicates compliancewith what is requested or desired: ~ to their daughter's wish to go on the trip.
e) expense
6. often designates the aggregate amount actually disbursed for something: our ~s were higher last month.
f) accede
7. implies a yielding, often under pressure, of assent or concession: officials ~ toevery demand of the prisoners.
g) acquiesce
Wrong Wrong gbadcef Right:) group assent meaning unknown
28/30)
1. implies powerlessness coupled with persistent weakness or complete ineffectiveness: stormed about in ~ rage.
a) gracious
2. denotes merely lack of power or efficacy which is often temporary or relative to a specific purpose or situation: claimed he was ~ to make the change.
b) impotent
3. implies courtsy and kindly consideration: her ~ acceptance of the award.
c) powerless
bca Right:) group powerless mean unable to effect one's purpose, intention, or end.
29/30)
1. often implies a general or transient longing for the unattainable: she ~ed that there were some way she could help.
a) sanguinary
2. stresses the force of physical appetite or emotional need: ~ sweets constantly. 甜食
b) wish
3. applies especially to something attended by, or someone bent on, bloodshed: the Civil War was America's most ~ conflict.
c) want
4. specifically suggests a longing for something that would fill a felt need: ~ to have a family.
d) crave
5. implies strong envious desire, typically for what belongs to another: one of the most ~ed honors in the sportsworld.
e) desire
6. stresses the strength of feeling and often implies strong intention or fixed aim: ~d to start a new life in another state.
f) covet
bdacfe Right:) group desire mean to have a longing for something.
30/30)
1. applies to something that is all that is implied by the term, usually a term of abuse, that follows: an ~ coward.
a) outright
2. implies that what is described has gone to the extreme and can be made neither better nor worse or is past recall: he is an ~ fool.
b) happy
3. applies to what is or seems to be so utterly what it is as to be beyond the possibility of being lessened, softened, or relieved: an ~ evil.
c) out-and-out
4. combines the implications of lucky and fortunate, with its more common meaning of being blessed: a life that has been a series of ~ accidents.
d) arrant
5. applies to what is completely as described at all times or in every part or from every point of view: this is an ~ fraud.
e) unmitigated
daebc Right:) group outright mean without limit or qualification.
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