stingy: implies a marked lack of generosity: a ~ child, not given to sharing.
close: suggests keeping a tight grip on one's money and possesions: folks who are very ~ when charity calls.
niggardly: implies giving or spending the very smallest amount possible: gave his wife a ~ household allowance.
parsimonious: suggests a frugality so extreme as to lead to stinginess: a ~ attitude with no room for luxuries.
penurious: implies niggardliness that gives appearance of actual poverty: the ~ old woman left behind a fortune. 也可表示确实贫穷，而不是表面看起来贫穷，如a penurious person/school贫穷的人/学校
miserly: suggests penuriousness motivated by obssesive avariousness and a morbid pleasure in hoarding: a ~ man indifferent to the cries of the needy.
stingy小气: 指明显不慷慨，close小气: 表示严控财物，niggardly小气: 只愿花费最小，parsimonious过度节俭: 指极度节俭以至显得小气，penurious贫穷: 小气因而显得贫穷，miserly守财奴: 迷恋于贪婪和储藏钱财
记忆方法: 1) 首字母SCNPPM重组为SCMP南华早报(South China Morning Post)和NP不好(Not Perfect)<==认为吝啬不好 都不是褒义词，让人觉得小气，miserly贬义最重，表示守财奴般的吝啬，其他贬义程度接近
2) 吝啬的意思是不愿分享mean being unwilling or showing unwillingness to share with others.首字母SCNPPM重组为SCMP南华早报(South China Morning Post)和NP不好(Not Perfect)<==认为吝啬不好 |
