sorrow: implies a sense of loss or a sense of guilt and remorse: a nation united in ~ upon the death of the President. remorse懊悔: 自责、负罪感、精神极度痛苦(anguish)，这里没有译出，因为sorrow主要是由于丧失亲人
grief: implies a poignant sorrow for an immediate cause: gave his father much ~. poignant令人感伤的 （如she was overcome with grief when her husband died丈夫去世时她十分悲痛，如they share their joys and griefs他们同甘共苦, it was a grief to them that they had no children没有孩子是他们的一块心病(伤心事)，还表示担心操心麻烦worry or trouble，如he caused his parents a lot of grief他没少让父母操心）
anguish: suggests a torturing often persistent grief or dread: the ~ felt by the hostages. anguish指极度痛苦extreme grief or pain，如mental anguish心里极度痛苦，如they watched in anguish as fire spread throgh the house他们看着大火烧过房子心里极度痛苦 torture折磨implies the unbearable pain or suffering指难以忍受的痛苦折磨
woe: implies a deep or inconsolable distress or misery: cries of ~ echoed throughout the bombed city. (1、悲伤sadness, 如a tale of woe=a sad story伤感的故事 2、困难问题麻烦difficulties or problems or troubles, 如traffic/financial woes交通/财务困难(问题) 3、警告某人a severe warning，如woe to you你有祸了，语气十分严重） misery悲惨
regret: implies a pain caused by deep disappointment, fruitless longing, or unavailing remorse: never felt a moment of ~ following the divorce. unavailing remorse 无济于事的悔过
sorrow悲痛: 因丧失亲人而痛苦，grief悲痛: 泛指因某事痛苦（不仅限于丧失），anguish极度痛苦: 指极度痛苦，woe痛苦苦难: 指难以慰藉的痛苦或困难，regret遗憾后悔: 指失望或无济于事
记忆方法: 1）首字母SGAWR想成Wear RAGS衣着褴褛<==悲痛 "悲"由非和心构成，表示”违背心愿的现象”，如失望不满伤痛，”有声无泪曰悲”，如悲鸣悲叹悲愤悲伤； 广雅: "悲，伤也", 说文: "悲，痛也"，可见"伤痛"是更基础的词，悲是伤痛在心里的表现
2）练习一下
3）悲痛的意思是心里痛苦mean distress of mind.首字母SGAWR想成Wear RAGS衣着褴褛<==悲痛 distress使人痛苦，指给人压力to subject someone to pressure使人紧张痛苦烦恼悲伤resulting in tension, pain, worry, or grief.
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