evident: implies the presence of visible signs which point to a definite conclusion: an ~ fondness for the company of friends. sign泛指任何可以被感知或推理的迹象标志指示，如interpreted her smile as a good sign认为她的微笑是好迹象
manifest: implies an external display so evident that little or no inference is required: her ~ joy upon receiving the award. 做动词表示直接明显地展现plain, direct, immediate relevation，如展现音乐天赋manifested musical ability at an early age，作形容词同样强调直接而明显
patent: applies to a cause, effect or significant feature that is clear and unmistakable once attention has been drawn to it: ~ defects in the item when sold. 一般用于贬义词，表示不好的事物确定无疑，又如a patent lie/disregard/nonsense明显的谎话/无视/胡说，如本例明显的缺陷
distinct: implies such sharpness of outline or definition that no unusual effort to see or hear or comprehend is required: my offer met with a ~ refusal. 又如distinct improvement/pronunciation/voice明显进步/清晰发音/嗓音
obvious: implies such ease in discovering or accounting for that it often suggests conspicuousness in the thing or little need for perspicacity in the observer: the motives are ~ to all but the most obtuse. conspicuous表示明显，难以遮掩 obvious and unavoidable to the sight or mind，可见两个词互释，都表示无可遮掩、难以隐藏，如"Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants"显而易见，大城市的规划不是为了居民的福祉，是新四第20篇的结尾，用obviously强调显而易见（难以遮掩） 大多数情况obvious泛指显而易见
apparent: may imply conscious exercise of elaborate reasoning as well as inference from evidence: the absurdity of the charge is ~ to all who know him. 注意inference只有一个r apprarent一般仅表示显然清楚、存在可见迹象，不表示推理论证，没有采用
plain: not explained. 韦氏同义词典列出了plain，但遗漏解释，plain常表示没有装饰或隐藏很明白，如plaintext明文是ciphertext密文反义词，plain clothes便衣，plain English/language表示语言浅显易懂
clear: implies an absence of anything that confuses the mind or obscures the issues: it's ~ now what's been going on.
evident显然的: 指存在可见迹象，manifest明显: 指直接显露在外而无需推理，patent明显: 表示确定无疑不会弄错，distinct清晰确切: 强调定义清晰轮廓明显，不需费力观察理解，obvious显而易见: 可泛指显而易见，但也可暗示难以遮掩，apparent显然的: 指存在可见迹象，等于evident，plain明白: 常表示没有装饰或隐藏，clear清楚: 指没有任何混淆不清
记忆方法: 1）首字母EMPDOAPC重组成OPEC DAMP欧佩克减弱<==明显的趋势 欧佩克是石油输出国组织Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries的首字母简称 damp潮湿，做动词表示减弱to make less strong or active，如nothing could damp our spirits没有什么能减弱我们的精神力量
2）明显的意思是容易感知领会mean readily perceived or apprehended. perceive感知觉察，强调观察的同时感悟理解 apprehend逮捕、理解、领会
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