hateful: applies to something or someone that arouses active hatred or hostility: the ~ prospect of another war.    hostility敌意仇视    （hateful除表示1、使人憎恨causing hate，如hateful crime/prospect令人憎恨的罪行/前景，还表示2、自身充满仇恨full of hate，如hateful people/words充满仇恨的人/话语）


odious: applies to that which is disagreeable or offensive or arouses repugnance: you apparently find the plain truth ~.    repugnant厌恶，比repellent程度重，odious可能只是一般的令人不快不喜欢，语气不重，repugnance的含义不明显，没有译出      又如he is certainly the most odious man I have ever met他无疑是我见过的最让人厌恶的人，如what an odious man!多么讨厌的家伙      记忆窍门: 2个关键词首字母恰好是前2个字母od


abhorrent: characterizes that which outrages a sense of what is right, decent, just, or honorable: the ~ practice of stereotyping minority groups.    （表示既厌恶又憎恨，又如racism is abhorrent to a civilized society文明社会憎恶种族主义，如racial discrimination is abhorrent to my council and our staff我的顾问班子和工作人员都憎恶种族歧视） （outrage令人愤慨，outrageous令人愤慨的，难以容忍的，超过容忍限度implies exceeding the limits of what is tolerable or bearable超过人们能忍受的不生气的极限，如outrageous terrorists acts against civilians恐怖分子对待平民的难以容忍的暴行）


detestable: suggests something deserving extreme contempt: the ~ habit of passing the blame to subordinates.          如a detestable[contemptible, despicable] villain令人厌恶的恶棍，detestable和contemptible, despicable同义，如I find their views detestable[contemptible, despicable]我觉得他们的观点令人厌恶


abominable: suggests something fiercely condemned as vile or unnatural: the ~ living conditions of the plantation slaves.  （vile极恶劣邪恶suggests disgusting depravity or foulness表示道德败坏肮脏让人恶心，如a vile remark恶毒的话，如the vilest of crimes罪大恶极）    (如virtually every society abominates incest所有社会都憎恶谴责乱伦行为，如the judge described the attack as an abominable crime法官称那次袭击为令人发指的罪行，口语中可能只是表示极为糟糕，如we were served the most abominable coffee给我们喝的是最劣质的咖啡，如she treated him abominably她待他态度极差)


hateful令人憎恨: 指令人憎恨仇视，odious厌恶: 指令人不快不喜欢，语气相对较轻，abhorrent憎恶: 指因为道德原因令人憎恨厌恶的，detestable厌恶: 使人厌恶又蔑视，和odious一样表示厌恶，语气相对较轻，abominable憎恶谴责: 指憎恶并谴责


记忆方法: 1）首字母HOADA是好大(喜功)<==厌恶       "厌"本义是狗吃饱了东西，即"满足"，引申为"嫌弃厌倦"，进一步引申为"讨厌厌恶"。简化前右下部是猒yàn，意思是狗吃饱了东西，满足：左上是"口",左下是"肉"，右部是"犬"，表示狗吃饱了肉，已经满足。如贪得无厌学而不厌。过分的满足就会产生不喜欢的感觉，也就是"嫌弃厌倦"，如果再严重，就是"讨厌厌恶"，引申的过程容易理解。     "恨"从心从艮亦声，所有的"艮"都表示"转动"，心表示思想活动，合用表示心气不平，怨气很大，如仇恨愤恨恨之入骨恨不得恨铁不成钢。还表示"遗憾而不安"，如遗恨恨事悔恨抱恨        "憎"从心从曾。"曾"本义为"重复利用的","二手的"。心与"曾"联合起来表示"旧恨续新恨","旧恨添新仇的"。本义: 恨上加恨、更加仇恨。


         2）厌恶的意思是使人十分不喜欢mean deserving of or arousing intense dislike.