appropriate: suggests making something one's own or converting to one's own use without authority or with questionable right: just ~d the tools meant to be shared by all.   权力和权利中的"权"，最早意思是"秤杆"，引申为可衡量的力量或利益，下文解释中用"权"同时代表权力和权利


preempt: implies beforehandedness in taking something desired or needed by others: news of the crisis ~ed much of the regular programming.


arrogate: implies insolence, presumption, or exclusion of others in seizing rights, powers, or functions: White House staffers ~ed powers belonging to cabinet members.   staffer大机构的职员


usurp: implies unlawful or unwarranted intrusion into the place of another and seizure of what is his by custom, right, or law: her new stepmother had ~ed her place in the household.


confiscate: always implies seizure through exercise of authority: customs officers ~ all contraband.  走私货品


appropriate私占侵占: 指无权情况下将某物占为己有己用，preempt先占先得: 表示在别人之前先行占有，arrogate僭取僭称: 指无礼地侵占权力职责，usurp篡夺: 指非法无理地侵入领地，夺取他人的东西，confiscate没收充公: 特指行使权力


记忆方法: 1）首字母APAUC排序成AA CUP<==夺取2杯

          2）夺取的意思是专横地取得mean to seize high-handedly.   (high-handed专横的高压的implies using authority in an unreasonable way, without considering the opinions of other people，如he wants to be seen as less bossy and high-handed他不想让自己显得太专横高压）