mindmap root((STRU/STRUCT)) deconstruction Analysis of texts, works of art, and cultural patterns that is intended to expose the assumptions on which they are based, especially by exposing the limitations of language.
🌱Deconstruction has been performed on Huckleberry Finn by English professors so many times that it's a wonder there's anything left of it. 🌳Deconstruction doesn't actually mean "demolition"; instead it means "breaking down" or analyzing something （especially the words in a work of fiction or nonfiction） to discover its true significance, which is supposedly almost never exactly what the author intended. A feminist may deconstruct an old novel to show how even an innocent-seeming story somehow depends on the oppression of women. A new western may deconstruct the myths of the old West and show lawmen as vicious and criminals as flawed but decent. Table manners, The Sound of Music, and cosmetics ads have all been the subjects of deconstructionist analysis. Of course, not everyone agrees with deconstructionist interpretations, and some people reject the whole idea of deconstruction, but most of us have run into it by now even if we didn't realize it. infrastructure 1、 The underlying foundation or basic framework.
2、 A system of public works.
🌱The public loved her speeches about crime but dozed off when she brought up highway repair and infrastructure deterioration. 🌳Infra- means "below"; so the infrastructure is the "underlying structure" of a country and its economy, the fixed installations that it needs in order to function. These include roads, bridges, dams, the water and sewer systems, railways and subways, airports, and harbors. These are generally government-built and publicly owned. Some people also speak about such things as the intellectual infrastructure or the infrastructure of science research, but the meaning of such notions can be extremely vague. construe 1、 To explain the arrangement and meaning of words in a sentence.
2、 To understand or explain; interpret.
🌱She asked how I had construed his last e-mail, and I told her that something about it had left me very worried. 🌳Construe can usually be translated as "interpret." It's often used in law; thus, an Attorney General might construe the term "serious injury" in a child-abuse law to include bruises, or a judge might construe language about gifts to "heirs" to include spouses. The IRS's construal of some of your activities might be different from your own—and much more expensive at tax time. Construing is also close to translating; so when the British say "public school," for instance, it should be construed or translated as "prep school" in American terms. instrumental 1、 Acting as a means, agent, or tool.
2、 Relating to an instrument, especially a musical instrument.
🌱His mother had been instrumental in starting the new arts program at the school, for which she was honored at the spring ceremony. 🌳An instrument is a tool, something used to construct.It's often a tool for making music. A musical saw happens to be a carpenter's tool that can be played with a violin bow （though you probably wouldn't want to play a wrench or a pair of pliers）. The musical meanings of instrumental, as in "It starts with an instrumental piece" or "a jazz instrumental," are common. But the meanings "helpful," "useful," and "essential," as in "He was instrumental in getting my book published," are just as common.