mindmap
root((DOC/DOCT))
doctrine
1、 Something that is taught.
2、 An official principle, opinion, or belief.
🌱According to the 19th-century doctrine of "papal infallibility," a pope's official statements on matters of faith and morals must be regarded as the absolute truth. 🌳The original doctrines were those of the Catholic Church, especially as taught by the so-called doctors （religious scholars） of the Church. But today a doctrine can come from many other sources. Old and established legal principles are called legal doctrine. Traditional psychiatrists still follow the doctrines of Sigmund Freud. Communist doctrine in the 1920s and '30s was often the teachings of Lenin, which were then regarded in the Soviet Union as almost sacred. U.S. presidents have given their names to doctrines as well: In 1823 the Monroe Doctrine stated that the United States would oppose European influence in the Americas, and in 1947 the Truman Doctrine held that America would support free countries against enemies outside and inside. docent 1、 Teacher, lecturer.
2、 A person who leads guided tours, especially through a museum.
🌱Visitors to Istanbul's great Topkapi Museum often decide they need to hire an English-speaking docent. 🌳The title of docent is used in many countries for what Americans would call an associate professor—that is, a college or university teacher who has been given tenure （See tenure）but hasn't yet achieved the rank of full professor. But in the U.S. a docent is a guide who works at a museum, a historical site, or even a zoo or a park. Docents are usually volunteers, and their services are often free of charge. doctrinaire Tending to apply principles or theories without regard for practical difficulties or individual circumstance.
🌱She had never taken a doctrinaire approach to teaching, since education theories didn't always match the reality of instructing 25 lively students. 🌳Someone doctrinaire sticks closely to official doctrines or principles. A doctrinaire judge will give identical sentences to everyone found guilty of a particular crime. A doctrinaire feminist may treat all men as if they were identical. A doctrinaire economist might call for a single solution for the economic problems in all countries, regardless of their social and cultural history. As you might guess, the word isn't often used in positive contexts. indoctrinate 1、 To teach, especially basics or fundamentals.
2、 To fill someone with a particular opinion or point of view.
🌱In the Army's basic training, sergeants have 11 weeks to indoctrinate their new recruits with army attitudes and discipline. 🌳Indoctrinate simply means "brainwash" to many people today. We frequently hear, for example, of religious cults that indoctrinate their members to give up their freedom and individuality and to work hard only for a leader's goals. But its meaning wasn't originally negative at all. And the fact is that every society indoctrinates its young people with the values of its culture; in the U.S. we tend to be indoctrinated to love freedom, to be individuals, and to work hard for success, among many other things. But we now rarely use indoctrinate （or its noun, indoctrination） in a positive way; instead we usually stick to the simpler and safer teach or instruct.
2、 An official principle, opinion, or belief.
🌱According to the 19th-century doctrine of "papal infallibility," a pope's official statements on matters of faith and morals must be regarded as the absolute truth. 🌳The original doctrines were those of the Catholic Church, especially as taught by the so-called doctors （religious scholars） of the Church. But today a doctrine can come from many other sources. Old and established legal principles are called legal doctrine. Traditional psychiatrists still follow the doctrines of Sigmund Freud. Communist doctrine in the 1920s and '30s was often the teachings of Lenin, which were then regarded in the Soviet Union as almost sacred. U.S. presidents have given their names to doctrines as well: In 1823 the Monroe Doctrine stated that the United States would oppose European influence in the Americas, and in 1947 the Truman Doctrine held that America would support free countries against enemies outside and inside. docent 1、 Teacher, lecturer.
2、 A person who leads guided tours, especially through a museum.
🌱Visitors to Istanbul's great Topkapi Museum often decide they need to hire an English-speaking docent. 🌳The title of docent is used in many countries for what Americans would call an associate professor—that is, a college or university teacher who has been given tenure （See tenure）but hasn't yet achieved the rank of full professor. But in the U.S. a docent is a guide who works at a museum, a historical site, or even a zoo or a park. Docents are usually volunteers, and their services are often free of charge. doctrinaire Tending to apply principles or theories without regard for practical difficulties or individual circumstance.
🌱She had never taken a doctrinaire approach to teaching, since education theories didn't always match the reality of instructing 25 lively students. 🌳Someone doctrinaire sticks closely to official doctrines or principles. A doctrinaire judge will give identical sentences to everyone found guilty of a particular crime. A doctrinaire feminist may treat all men as if they were identical. A doctrinaire economist might call for a single solution for the economic problems in all countries, regardless of their social and cultural history. As you might guess, the word isn't often used in positive contexts. indoctrinate 1、 To teach, especially basics or fundamentals.
2、 To fill someone with a particular opinion or point of view.
🌱In the Army's basic training, sergeants have 11 weeks to indoctrinate their new recruits with army attitudes and discipline. 🌳Indoctrinate simply means "brainwash" to many people today. We frequently hear, for example, of religious cults that indoctrinate their members to give up their freedom and individuality and to work hard only for a leader's goals. But its meaning wasn't originally negative at all. And the fact is that every society indoctrinates its young people with the values of its culture; in the U.S. we tend to be indoctrinated to love freedom, to be individuals, and to work hard for success, among many other things. But we now rarely use indoctrinate （or its noun, indoctrination） in a positive way; instead we usually stick to the simpler and safer teach or instruct.
DOC/DOCT comes from the Latin docere, which means "to teach." So, for instance, a doctor was originally a highly educated person capable of instructing others in a field—which usually wasn't medicine.🌸