mindmap root((DICT)) diction 1、 Choice of words, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.
2、 Clarity of speech.
🌱Our CEO is determined to appear in some TV ads, but he first needs to work on his diction with a vocal coach. 🌳When your English teacher complains about some of the words you chose to use in an essay, she's talking about your diction. She may also use the term when commenting on the word choices made by a poet, and why a particular word was the best one possible in a particular line. （Compare syntax.） But the second meaning of diction is just as common, and your English teacher might use that one on you as well, especially when she's asked you to read something aloud and you mumble your way through it. edict 1、 An official announcement that has the force of a law.
2、 An order or command.
🌱In 1989 an edict by the leader of Iran pronouncing a death sentence on a British novelist stunned the world. 🌳Edicts are few and far between in a democracy, since very few important laws can be made by a president or prime minister acting alone. But when a crisis arose in the Roman Republic, the senate would appoint a dictator, who would have the power to rule by edict. The idea was that the dictator could make decisions quickly, issuing his edicts faster than the senate could act. When the crisis was over, the edicts were canceled and the dictator usually retired from public life. Things are different today: dictators almost always install themselves in power, and they never give it up. jurisdiction 1、 The power or right to control or exercise authority.
2、 The territory where power may be exercised.
🌱Unluckily for the defendants, the case fell within the jurisdiction of the federal court rather than the more tolerant state court. 🌳Questions of jurisdiction are generally technical legal matters. The most important ones include which court will hear a given case and which law-enforcement agency can get involved. But although they may seem like mere technicalities, jurisdictional matters sometimes turn out to be all-important in the final outcome. Jurisdiction may depend on where you are （for example, in which state）, on who you are （if you're a juvenile, for example, you may only be tried in juvenile court）, and on what the subject is （for example, cases involving the estate left by someone who has died are dealt with in probate court）. dictum A formal and authoritative statement.
🌱It has long been a dictum of American foreign policy that the government doesn't negotiate with kidnappers and terrorists. 🌳The word dictum is frequently used in philosophy, but also in economics, political science, and other fields. Almost any condensed piece of wisdom—"The perfect is the enemy of the good," "Buy low, sell high," "All politics is local," etc.—can be called a dictum. In the law, judges may often add to a written opinion an obiter dictum, or "statement made in passing"—a strong statement that isn't directly relevant to the case being decided. If they're well thought out and eloquent, obiter dicta （notice the plural form） may be referred to by later judges and lawyers for years afterward.