mindmap root((CONTRA)) contraband Goods that are forbidden by law to be owned or brought into or out of a country; smuggled goods.
🌱Late at night he would go driving through the desert on the interstate, peddling his contraband to wary gas-station attendants. 🌳In Latin a bannus was an order or decree, so a contrabannum was something that went against a decree. This led to the Italian word contrabbando, from which we get contraband.Contraband items aren't always illegal; they may simply be things （such as cigarettes） that are meant to be taxed. So a dealer in untaxed contraband can charge a little less and still make enormous profits. Of course, if the item is actually forbidden, like illegal drugs, then the profits could be much greater. contraindication Something （such as a symptom or condition） that makes a particular treatment, medication, or procedure likely to be unsafe.
🌱A history of stomach ulcers is a contraindication to regular use of aspirin. 🌳For doctors, an indication is a symptom or circumstance that makes a particular medical treatment desirable. Serious anxiety, for example, is often an indication for prescribing a tranquilizer. A contraindication, then, is a symptom or condition that makes a treatment risky, such as taking certain other medications at the same time. Drugs and conditions that are contraindicated for a medication are listed on its label, and reeled off at high speed in TV ads. Patients can guard against the dangers of drug interaction by reading labels carefully and making sure their doctors know what else they're currently taking. contravene 1、 To go against or act contrary to; to violate.
2、 To oppose in an argument, to contradict.
🌱The power company was found to be contravening state and federal environmental standards for wastewater discharged into bodies of water. 🌳Contravene is most often used in reference to laws. So a government may take a company to court claiming that its policies are in contravention of national labor laws. The contravention of copyright laws is a big topic today especially where electronic information is involved. And a country might be punished if a trade organization finds that it's contravening international trade agreements. contrarian A person who takes a contrary position or attitude, especially an investor who buys shares of stock when most others are selling or sells when others are buying.
🌱My father was basically a contrarian, who never accepted the common wisdom and loved nothing so much as a good argument. 🌳Anyone who thinks that most of what the public believes is wrong would be called a contrarian. And contrarian is a basic term in the vocabulary of investing. In fact, most successful investors often behave like contrarians by "buying low and selling high"—that is, buying stocks that are cheap because most investors put a low value on them but that have the possibility of rising, and selling stocks that most investors are valuing highly but that seem likely to decline. The word may be most common as an adjective; so you may express a contrarian opinion, hold a contrarian view, or pursue a contrarian investment strategy.